विकिपीडिया, कश्चन स्वतन्त्रः विश्वकोशः
Erbium, ०० Er
उच्चारणम्
(ur-BEE -əm ) स्वरूपम्
silvery white मानकपरमाण्विकभारः A r, std (Er)
स्क्रिप्ट त्रुटि: "val" ऐसा कोई मॉड्यूल नहीं है। फलकम्:CIAAW2013 आवर्तसारण्याम् erbium
परमाणुक्रमाङ्कः (Z )
{{{सङ्ख्या}}} समूहः
group n/a आवर्तः
आवर्तः 6 खण्डम्
f-block विद्युदणुविन्यासः
[Xe ] 4f12 6s2 विद्युदणवः प्रतिवर्तिःः
2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2 भौतिकगुणधर्माः प्रावस्था {{{1}}}
solid गलनाङ्कः
1802 K (1529 °C, 2784 °F) क्वथनाङ्कः
3141 K (2868 °C, 5194 °F) घनत्वम् (सामान्यतापसमीपे)
9.066 g/cm३ द्रवघनत्वम् (गलनाङ्के)
8.86 g/cm३ संलयनस्य पूर्णोष्मा
19.90 kJ/mol वाष्पनस्य पूर्णोष्मा
280 kJ/mol मोलिका ऊष्मक्षमता
28.12 J/(mol·K)
वाष्पपीडम्
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
1504
1663
(1885)
(2163)
(2552)
(3132)
परमाण्विकाः गुणधर्माः प्रजारणावस्थाः
0,[ १] +1, +2, +3 फलकम्:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment विद्युदृणात्मकता
पॉलिंग्-मापकं: 1.24 आयनीकरणोर्जाः
१मा: 589.3 kJ/mol २या: 1150 kJ/mol ३या: 2194 kJ/mol आण्विका त्रिज्या
प्रयोगसिद्धा: : 176 pm सहसंयोजका त्रिज्या
189±6 pm
Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of erbium अन्याः गुणधर्माः प्राकृतिकोत्पत्तिः
primordial स्फटिकसंरचना
hexagonal close-packed (hcp) ध्वनिगतिः (कृशदण्डे)
2830 m/s (at 20 °C) ऊष्मीयप्रसारः
poly: 12.2 µm/(m⋅K) (r.t. ) ऊष्मीयसंचालकता
14.5 W/(m⋅K) वैद्युतीयप्रतिरोधकता
poly: 0.860 µΩ⋅m (r.t. ) चुम्बकीयता
paramagnetic at 300 K यंगस्य मापाङ्कः
69.9 GPa अवरूपणमापाङ्कः
28.3 GPa आयतनमापाङ्कः
44.4 GPa प्वासॉनानुपातः
0.237 विकर्स्-कठोरता
430–700 MPa ब्रिनेल्-कठोरता
600–1070 MPa सी.ई.एस्. सङ्ख्या
7440-52-0 इतिहासः नामकरणं
after Ytterby (Sweden), where it was mined उद्भेदः
Carl Gustaf Mosander (1842) [[{{{षष्ठी}}} समस्थानिकाः|प्रमुखसमस्थानिकाः]]
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed
स्क्रिप्ट त्रुटि: "Icon" ऐसा कोई मॉड्यूल नहीं है। Category: Erbium | references
Er:
in
calc from C
diff
report
ref
C
1529
—
—
K
1802
1,802
वाचनिकदोषः : अनपेक्षितम् उद्गारचिह्नम ,
वाचनिकदोषः : < इत्येतत् अनपेक्षितं चिह्नम् ।
F
2784
2,784
वाचनिकदोषः : अनपेक्षितम् उद्गारचिह्नम ,
वाचनिकदोषः : < इत्येतत् अनपेक्षितं चिह्नम् ।
फलकम्:Check temperatures/core4report
max precision
0
WD
input
C: 1529, K: 1802, F: 2784
comment
Er:
in
calc from C
diff
report
ref
C
2868
—
—
K
3141
3,141
वाचनिकदोषः : अनपेक्षितम् उद्गारचिह्नम ,
वाचनिकदोषः : < इत्येतत् अनपेक्षितं चिह्नम् ।
F
5194
5,194
वाचनिकदोषः : अनपेक्षितम् उद्गारचिह्नम ,
वाचनिकदोषः : < इत्येतत् अनपेक्षितं चिह्नम् ।
फलकम्:Check temperatures/core4report
max precision
0
WD
input
C: 2868, K: 3141, F: 5194
comment
References
These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
↑ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22 : 17–24. doi :10.1039/CS9932200017 . and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi :10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028 .
↑ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0370269314006741
↑ Standard Atomic Weights 2013 . Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
Infoboxes for the chemical elements use the core template {{Infobox element }}.
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that allows for references. This reference is added right after the unit.
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suffix are added to the end of a data line, with a space added. Comments are reproduced without formatting additions (no brackets, no italics, ...):
ionization energy comment
Numbered values make a list (except |atomic mass 2=
used for uncertainty bracket notation ):
ionization energy
ionization energy 2
ionization energy 3
Parameter list
{{Infobox element
<!-- top -->
|image name=
|image alt=
|image size=
|image name comment=
|image name 2=
|image alt 2=
|image size 2=
|image name 2 comment=
<!-- General properties -->
|name=
|षष्ठी=
|symbol=
|pronounce=
|pronounce ref=
|pronounce comment=
|pronounce 2=
|alt name=
|alt names=
|allotropes=
|appearance=
<!-- Periodic table -->
|above=
|below=
|left=
|right=
|number=
|सङ्ख्या=
|atomic mass=
|atomic mass 2=
|atomic mass ref=
|atomic mass comment=
|series=
|series ref=
|series comment=
|series color=
|group=
|group ref=
|group comment=
|period=
|period ref=
|period comment=
|block=
|block ref=
|block comment=
|electron configuration=
|electron configuration ref=
|electron configuration comment=
|electrons per shell=
|electrons per shell ref=
|electrons per shell comment=
<!-- Physical properties -->
|physical properties comment=
|color=
|phase=
|phase ref=
|phase comment=
|melting point K=
|melting point C=
|melting point F=
|melting point ref=
|melting point comment=
|boiling point K=
|boiling point C=
|boiling point F=
|boiling point ref=
|boiling point comment=
|sublimation point K=
|sublimation point C=
|sublimation point F=
|sublimation point ref=
|sublimation point comment=
|density gplstp=
|density gplstp ref=
|density gplstp comment=
|density gpcm3nrt=
|density gpcm3nrt ref=
|density gpcm3nrt comment=
|density gpcm3nrt 2=
|density gpcm3nrt 2 ref=
|density gpcm3nrt 2 comment=
|density gpcm3nrt 3=
|density gpcm3nrt 3 ref=
|density gpcm3nrt 3 comment=
|density gpcm3mp=
|density gpcm3mp ref=
|density gpcm3mp comment=
|density gpcm3bp=
|density gpcm3bp ref=
|density gpcm3bp comment=
|molar volume=
|molar volume unit =
|molar volume ref=
|molar volume comment=
|triple point K=
|triple point kPa=
|triple point ref=
|triple point comment=
|triple point K 2=
|triple point kPa 2=
|triple point 2 ref=
|triple point 2 comment=
|critical point K=
|critical point MPa=
|critical point ref=
|critical point comment=
|heat fusion=
|heat fusion ref=
|heat fusion comment=
|heat fusion 2=
|heat fusion 2 ref=
|heat fusion 2 comment=
|heat vaporization=
|heat vaporization ref=
|heat vaporization comment=
|heat capacity=
|heat capacity ref=
|heat capacity comment=
|heat capacity 2=
|heat capacity 2 ref=
|heat capacity 2 comment=
|vapor pressure 1=
|vapor pressure 10=
|vapor pressure 100=
|vapor pressure 1 k=
|vapor pressure 10 k=
|vapor pressure 100 k=
|vapor pressure ref=
|vapor pressure comment=
|vapor pressure 1 2=
|vapor pressure 10 2=
|vapor pressure 100 2=
|vapor pressure 1 k 2=
|vapor pressure 10 k 2=
|vapor pressure 100 k 2=
|vapor pressure 2 ref=
|vapor pressure 2 comment=
<!-- Atomic properties -->
|atomic properties comment=
|oxidation states=
|oxidation states ref=
|oxidation states comment=
|electronegativity=
|electronegativity ref=
|electronegativity comment=
|ionization energy 1=
|ionization energy 1 ref=
|ionization energy 1 comment=
|ionization energy 2=
|ionization energy 2 ref=
|ionization energy 2 comment=
|ionization energy 3=
|ionization energy 3 ref=
|ionization energy 3 comment=
|number of ionization energies=
|ionization energy ref=
|ionization energy comment=
|atomic radius=
|atomic radius ref=
|atomic radius comment=
|atomic radius calculated=
|atomic radius calculated ref=
|atomic radius calculated comment=
|covalent radius=
|covalent radius ref=
|covalent radius comment=
|Van der Waals radius=
|Van der Waals radius ref=
|Van der Waals radius comment=
<!-- Miscellanea -->
|crystal structure=
|crystal structure prefix=
|crystal structure ref=
|crystal structure comment=
|crystal structure 2=
|crystal structure 2 prefix=
|crystal structure 2 ref=
|crystal structure 2 comment=
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound ref=
|speed of sound comment=
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at 20 ref=
|speed of sound rod at 20 comment=
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
|speed of sound rod at r.t. ref=
|speed of sound rod at r.t. comment=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion ref=
|thermal expansion comment=
|thermal expansion at 25=
|thermal expansion at 25 ref=
|thermal expansion at 25 comment=
|thermal conductivity=
|thermal conductivity ref=
|thermal conductivity comment=
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal conductivity 2 ref=
|thermal conductivity 2 comment=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal diffusivity ref=
|thermal diffusivity comment=
|electrical resistivity=
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=
|electrical resistivity ref=
|electrical resistivity comment=
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 0 ref=
|electrical resistivity at 0 comment=
|electrical resistivity at 20=
|electrical resistivity at 20 ref=
|electrical resistivity at 20 comment=
|band gap=
|band gap ref=
|band gap comment=
|Curie point K=
|Curie point ref=
|Curie point comment=
|magnetic ordering=
|magnetic ordering ref=
|magnetic ordering comment=
|tensile strength=
|tensile strength ref=
|tensile strength comment=
|Young's modulus=
|Young's modulus ref=
|Young's modulus comment=
|Shear modulus=
|Shear modulus ref=
|Shear modulus comment=
|Bulk modulus=
|Bulk modulus ref=
|Bulk modulus comment=
|Poisson ratio=
|Poisson ratio ref=
|Poisson ratio comment=
|Mohs hardness=
|Mohs hardness ref=
|Mohs hardness comment=
|Mohs hardness 2=
|Mohs hardness 2 ref=
|Mohs hardness 2 comment=
|Vickers hardness=
|Vickers hardness ref=
|Vickers hardness comment=
|Brinell hardness=
|Brinell hardness ref=
|Brinell hardness comment=
|CAS number=
|CAS number ref=
|CAS number comment=
<!-- History -->
|naming=
|predicted by=
|prediction date ref=
|prediction date=
|discovered by=
|discovery date ref=
|discovery date=
|first isolation by=
|first isolation date ref=
|first isolation date=
|discovery and first isolation by=
|named by=
|named date ref=
|named date=
|history comment label=
|history comment=
<!-- Isotopes -->
|isotopes=
|isotopes ref=
|isotopes comment=
|engvar=
}}
{{Infobox element }}; labels & notes:
(Image)
(Image 2)
GENERAL PROPERTIES
Name
Symbol
Pronunciation
Alternative name(s)
Allotropes
Appearance
<element> IN THE PERIODIC TABLE
Periodic table
Atomic number
Standard atomic weight
uncertainty to use in (bracket notation )
Element category (also header bg color)
(sets header bg color, over 'series='-color)
Group
Period
Block
Electron configuration
Electrons per shell
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
(general note)
Color
Phase
Melting point
Boiling point
Sublimation point
Density [g/L at s.t.p.]
Density [g/cm3 near room temperature]
[g/cm3 near r.t.], #2
[g/cm3 near r.t.], #3
Density (liquid, melting point) [g/cm3]
Density (liquid, boiling point) [g/cm3]
Molar volume
Unit defaults to cm3/mol
otherwise set unit prefix=d for dm3/mol (gases)
Triple point
Critical point
Heat of fusion
Heat of vaporization
Molar heat capacity
Vapor pressure
Vapor pressure
ATOMIC PROPERTIES
Oxidation states
Electronegativity
Ionization energy
Atomic radius
Covalent radius
Van der Waals radius
MISCELLANEA
Crystal structure
Crystal structure
Speed of sound
Thermal expansion
Thermal conductivity
Thermal diffusivity
Electrical resistivity
Band gap
Curie point
Magnetic ordering
Tensile strength
Young's modulus
Shear modulus
Bulk modulus
Poisson ratio
Mohs hardness
Vickers hardness
Brinell hardness
CAS Number
HISTORY
Naming
Prediction
()
Discovery
()
First isolation
()
Discovery and first isolation (1 or 2 dates)
Named by
()
(History comment)
ISOTOPES OF <element>
Isotopes of <element>
(wp:engvar )
Isotopes
Isotopes are to be entered by the editor using these subtemplates:
Examples (from various elements):
| isotopes =
{{Infobox element/isotopes stable
| link=Fluorine-19
| mn=19
| sym=F
| na=100%
| n=10
}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay
| mn=251
| sym=Cf
| na=trace
| hl=898 y
| dm=α
| de=6.172
| link1=curium-247
| pn=247
| ps=Cm
}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay2
| mn=252
| sym=Cf
| na=trace
| hl=2.645 y
| dm1=α (96.91%)
| de1=6.217
| link1=curium-248
| pn1=248
| ps1=Cm
| dm2=SF (3.09%)
| de2=–
| pn2=
| ps2=–
}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay3
| mn=26
| sym=Al
| na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]]
| hl=7.17×105 y
| dm1=[[Positron emission|β<sup>+</sup>]]
| de1=1.17
| link1=magnesium-26
| pn1=26
| ps1=Mg
| dm2=[[electron capture|ε]]
| de2=–
| link2=magnesium-26
| pn2=26
| ps2=Mg
| dm3=[[Gamma radiation|γ]]
| de3=1.8086
| pn3=
| ps3=–
}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay3 (2 2 1)
| mn=22
| sym=Na
| na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]]
| hl=[[1 E7 s|2.602 y]]
| dm1=[[Beta decay|β<sup>+</sup>]]→[[Gamma decay|γ]]
| de1a=0.5454
| link1a=neon-22
| pn1a=22
| ps1a=Ne*
| de1b=1.27453(2)<ref name=npa521_1>{{cite journal|author=Endt, P. M.
|title=Energy levels of A = 21–44 nuclei (VII)
|journal=Nuclear Physics A
}}</ref>
| pn1b=22
| ps1b=Ne
| dm2=[[electron capture|ε]]→[[Gamma decay|γ]]
| de2a=–
| pn2a=22
| ps2a=Ne*
| de2b=1.27453(2)
| pn2b=22
| ps2b=Ne
| dm3=[[Beta decay|β<sup>+</sup>]]
| de3=1.8200
| pn3=22
| ps3=Ne
}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes_decay4
| mn=260
| sym=Md
| na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]]
| hl=31.8 [[day|d]]
| dm1=SF
| de1=–
| pn1=
| ps1=–
| dm2=α
| de2=7.000
| link2=einsteinium-256
| pn2=256
| ps2=Es
| dm3=ε
| de3=–
| link3=fermium-260
| pn3=260
| ps3=Fm
| dm4=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]]
| de4=1.000
| link4=nobelium-260
| pn4=260
| ps4=No
}}
|isotopes comment=reference{{sfn|Chisté|2006
}}<br/><!-- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- -->
* = [[excited state]]
produces the subtable:
Check temperatures : no input for C, K, F.
Check temperatures : no input for C, K, F.
Other subtemplates are used automatically; they do not need specific editor's input.
{{Periodic table (32 columns, micro) }}
When atomic number ≥ 119, the miniature periodic table shows an extended version (period 8 and up). See, for example, {{Infobox ununennium }}.
The template accepts |engvar=en-GB
and |engvar=en-OED
for appropriate pages. This way, the template van follow the ENGVAR for that article. See for example Phosphorus (en-GB) and Caesium (en-OED).
Note: in no situation should the formal IUPAC name be changed (always aluminium , not aluminum ).
References
These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
↑ Endt, P. M. "Energy levels of A = 21–44 nuclei (VII)". Nuclear Physics A .